Sad-iron.



PATENTED AUG. 4, 1908. A. L. EGCLES.

SAD IRON. APP'LIUATION FILED JULY a, 1906.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Witnesses N0. 94,943. PATENTED AUG. 4. 190a A.YL. EGGLES.

SAD IRON. AIBPIJIOATION FILED JULYB, 190s.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

N lut/c1110:

Twine-sacs mac To all whomitmdy-cancemk Be it known. -hat li, FR D L; EccLEs,'-a citizen of th'eYUnited- States," residing at Trenton; @in f 't he county of Mercer, I in the State of New 'Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Sad-Irons,

of which thelfollowing is as ecification.

My invention "relates to internally :heated sad irons, and to that kind thereof which are heated by'gas', "and-is intended tobe applicable to all 'siz'esbf such sad "irons,- be the sanrereversible' or non-reversible.

Theobjec't' of my invention is to produce an eflicient sad iron'capable of being heated to a high degreby a properly directed and re'gul'a'ble flame. in which perfect combustion of the'gas'is eflected', and which'is so screenedas to-obviate all injury tothefabrics upon which'theiron'maybe used. Heret'ofore great difficulty has been experienced injeflieiently heating a single faced gas use iron" without auxiliary apparatusfor forcing com'min 'led gas and air through the burner within .t e combustion-chamber of the iron,

All *efiort'sof this kind, so far as I am aware, have resulted unsatisfactorily owing to failure torocure a perfect combustion of the d and such 'forcein the flame as to direct itsatisfactorily' against the-inner face of the bottom of; the iron.

*:In the accompanying drawingsxI- have a .Iflowing 'or explosive I effect whereby the ,shown-I'n'y invention applied to-a sad iron having a single face, andhave illustrated means'whereby I secure a strong flame-hawin ashort light blue inner heat cone having same .isdriven forbibly against the bottomof the *e'ornbu'stion' chamber of the iron, and

whiclrdoes not strikeback from theend of the burner tothe'gas tip and an outer-darker blue envelopflame which clings to and follows the bottom of the combustion chamber, while I show'meansfor procuring such a ventilation of the combustion chamber as to afford a prfect combustion of thefuel burned;

In the said drawings (Figure '1 is, a side elevation of a sadiron; embodyingmy inven-"f tion; Fig.12 dis a "longitudinal"'mid+section view thereof; Fig-J 3 is a rearview'of the sad iron',':and Fig; 4 'Iis' 'avertical cross-section. view thereof on theflinei 4f4inFig. 1-,-look ingfrom-front torear. 7 .I In the drawings, he body portion of the iron, having the ,ge emrgebmour of. an

ordinary sad: iron, andprefrably cast in one fi flsp ca b if Let rs la tv A 'ap lication.fi1a1ru1 ef19os. serial lie/3 21 ,674.

"piece,1'aiid" havingthe toe'2 at its forward end. f This body 11 hastwo side- 0 enings," which are partly closed by twoimeta plates,

13,4. The plate 3' has formed onits lower side' a flange 5, which projects slightly be-' yond the body portion of the iron. Theside plated-on the other-side-of'the iron has a similar flanged projection, 5, at its-upper side, l'eaving a similar s ace between the said flange and'theiron bo y.' In the rear wall of. the iron, I form the openingsfi, 6. The

spaces formed between the flanges5', 5 and t e iron body and the openings 6,6 in the rear wall of the iron permit a suflicient'ingress of airv to the combustion chamber and efliuxofproducts of combustion therefrom to insure a perfect combustion of the gas used therein. 'By the use ofthe side plates 3, 4, and-their flanges, 5, I effectually screen the flame within the iron from undue drafts of air and confine it well within the combustion chamber, the tortuous passages, formed. Q between said flanges and the iron body, Well efiec-ting this end. I, [To heat the iron, gas is conveyed to it through the gas duct 7- which is sustained by the bracket 8 formed upon the rear part of the I I *handlet). The gas passes through the'tip 10, and-thence is directed in a well defined jet through the mixing chamber 11 and the tube 12. Air is admitted to the'mixing chamber I through openings, 13, in its rear face, and the gas passing through the mixing chamber becomes partially 'comlningled with the air before it emerges from the end of the, burnertube 12. The result of this partial commin gling of the gas and the air within the mixing chamber and burner tube is the production of a flame having a'rather'shortand bright blue heat cone of remarkably vivid definition and.

intensely "calorific quality surrounded by a darker blue and more transparent envelop. This heat cone burns with a roaring, explosive and driving effect, andits end, the.hottest part of the flame, impinges upon the bottom of the combustion chamber, while the envelopv fi-ameof darkerv blue spreadsupon said surface .and flows upon'it'to the forward'.end of the .combustionchamber without rolling or floating. ,1 have illustrated this flame in Fig. 2 of the drawings, 14 being the said heat cone, and

15 being. the envelop flame passing forward overthe floorof the combustion chamber.

The explosive, energy with which theshort 1 heat cone issues from 't he burnertube, its.

immediate impingement upon the bottom of the iron, and the tenacity with whichthe blue envelop flame follows the surface of the bottom of the combustion chamber beyond the point of im ingement of the heat cone are all elements w iich not only aid in the eflicient heating of the smoothing face of the iron, but also contribute to the preventionof any back pressure, due to rapid movements of the iron itself, resulting in the striking back of the flame to the gas tip, an evil to which all atmospheric gas irons are liable. The production of such a flame enables its direction and control within the combustion chamber of the iron in a manner particularly adapted to the objects in view, and without the aid of an auxiliary blowing apparatus, while, with the ventilation afforded, the combustion of the gas is perfect, no odor being produced nor soot deposited.

To produce the flame described I use a peculiar and novel construction which I shal now particularly describe.

To effect the best results the burner tube 12 should be made short, straight and fully open at the end whence the flame issues; the mixing chamber 11, should be so constructed as to receive a liberal though not excessiv'e'supp'ly of air, and the air should be admitted thereto so as to flow as directly and evenly and'with as little change of course as practicable into the burner tubes The gas tip 10' should be so located as to permit the column of gas emitted from it to be rojected centrally through said mixing cham er and burner tube, its axis being co-incident with the axes of those parts. I also find that by giving the interior of the gas duct'an irregular conformation I procure a .more forcible projection of the column of gas emitted from the'gas tip into the mixing chamber and burner tube than I gain by the use of a direct orregularly formed gas duct. Such additional force secured in the gas jet is of great advantage in adding to the size and energy of the heat cone and aiding in overcoming any tendency of the flame to strikeback to the tip.

In Fig. 2 of the drawings I have shown the gas duct, mixing chamber and burner tube of the relative dimensions and conformation which I have found to produce the best results. The orifice of the gas tip is 42 1000 of an inch in diameter, the burner tube is 2%; inches in length and has an internal diameter of of aninch, while the other parts of the heatigg device and of the sad iron itself are carefully drawn to the same scale. The flow of gas to the gas tip is regulated by means of the needle valve 16, and before reaching the tip the gas passing through the gas duct makes a sharp turn into the chamber 17 through which thesaid needle valve passes. The gas duct '7 is connected wlth the valve case 18 by the coupling 19, and a ,small chamber, 20, is formed within said coupling, at the bottom of which chamber is a circular shoulder formed by the boss of the valve case within said coupling, such shoulder being marked 21 in the drawings. By the formation of this chamber of larger diameter than the internal diameter of the gas duct'7, I add to the force and efficiency of the gas et' passing from the tip into and through the mixing chamber and burner tube, audit is also aided by the sharp turn the gas makes inits course through the chamber 17.

It will, of course, be understood that in giving the proposed proportions and dimensions of the parts mentioned, which I have found eflicient in use in connection with the gas pressures commonly found in our cities and towns, I do not restrict myself thereto, for the reason that I have found that the proportions, dimensions and gas pressure may e varied proportionally or otherwise so as to produce the resultant cone and envelop flame by a suitable calibration of the dimensions and proportions of these parts to the pressure employed. With. the same gasressure a change in the proportionate ength of the burner tube results in a shortening or lengthening of the heat cone of the flame as the tube is made shorter or longer. It may be generally stated that the shorter the burner tube the shorter and more explosive and energetic the heat cone, and if the burner tube be lengthened much beyond the limits hereinabove specified, and the gas be delivered under ordinary pressure, the definition of the heat cone becomes much less vivid and its explosive energy'is-altogether lost. This result I attribute to the more thorough comrningling of the gas and air passing through the burner tube. burner tube can also be made curved instead of straight, though with the same gas pressure this change of form results in a reduction of the explosive energy of the heat cone, such reduction varying with the radius of the curve of the tube until entirely lost. orifice of the gas tip may also be made larger or smaller to answer the re uirements of the use to which the iron is to e put, and may be varied in proportion to the size and wei ht of the iron, the diameter of the said ori ce hereinabove specified being such as I have found useful and efficient in sad irons of the household and laundry types weighing from 'five to six pounds.

I can also dispense with the peculiar features of the gas duct described, and omit the irregular internal conformation thereof, but with ordinary gas pressures I find it highly advantageous to use the construction of gas duct above described, the irregular internal conformation of which may be Varied, however, without de arting from my invention.

aving thus described my invention, 1 claim:

1. A hollow sad iron, provided with a lon- The 4 lli gitudinal outlet opening extending along one of its side walls near the top thereof, for the escape of the products of combustion, and a screen extending alongand in" front of said o ening, said screen beingspaced apart from the inlet of air to supply combustion, and av screen extending along and infront of said o ening, said screen being spaced a art from t e side wall at bottom and close with re- .spect to the side wall at top; substantially as described.

3. A hollow Sad iron, provided with a 1011-.

gitudinal outlet opening extending along one of its side walls near the to thereof, for the escape of the products 0 combustion, a screen extending along and in front of said opening, said screen being spaced a art from t e side wall at top and closed wit respect '25 thereto at bottom,'said sad iron being fur- ;.*ther provided with .a second longitudinal o ening in its other side wall near the'bottom t ereof, for the inlet of air to sup ly combustion, and ascreen extending a ong and-in front of said second opening, said latter screen being s aced apart from the side wall 7 at bottom an closed with respect thereto at top; substantially as described.

4. A sad iron having a hollow interior,a burner tube extending within said interior, a mixing chamber connected with the burner tube, a gas jet nozzle having an interior chamber communicating with the mixing chamber, and a gas supply ipe colnmunicating with the interior chain or of the gas jet nozzle, the'end of said gas supply pipe being separated from the said interior chamber by an intervenin space of larger diameter than said gas sup ly pipe, and the opening into.

the interior 0 iamber of the gas jet nozzle be ing of less diameter than the gas supply pipe; substantially as described.

5. In an internally heated sad. iron wherein the heating effect is obtained by means of a flame having a short light blue inner cone with a blowing and s utteringelfect and an elongated outer da'r er envelop part, the combination with a gas duct, of a mixing chamber, an air inducing tip, and a short open ended burner tube, the open end of the burner tube being positioned in proximity to the inner face of the bottom of the iron to be heated so that the said inner cone of the flame will be directed against the said inner face of the iron, and the outer envelop part of said flame will be directed against and will follow said face.

ALFRED L. ECCLES. Witnesses:

FRANCIS B. LEE, I. M.'ALTEMUs. 

